CVE DatabaseCVE-2025-40602

Updated 2026-06-17한국어 권고문 →

CVE-2025-406026.6/MEDIUMCISA KEVCWE-862CWE-250

SonicWall SMA1000 Appliance Management Console (AMC) Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-40602) Security Advisory

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Affected Vendors

sonicwall

Affected Components

sma1000

Published Date

2025-12-18

CVSS v3.1

6.6

MEDIUM

EPSS (30d)

2.8%

FIRST.org

CISA KEV

Exploited

NVD Source ↗

Executive & SecOps Summary

SECOPS ASSESSMENT

Affected Scope

SonicWall SMA1000 appliances utilizing the Appliance Management Console (AMC)

Impact

High-privileged attackers can exploit insufficient authorization to escalate privileges to root, leading to complete system compromise

Mitigation

Apply the official security patches immediately and restrict network access to the management console

Affected Products & Version Scope

SonicWall SMA1000 series appliances running vulnerable Appliance Management Console (AMC) versions

Remediation & Live Workaround Commands

PATCH & WORKAROUND

1. Official Patch & Version Upgrade Commands

Refer to the SonicWall advisory (SNWLID-2025-0019) to upgrade to the latest secure firmware version. Use the following CLI commands to verify and apply the patch on the appliance.

bash

# Check current SMA1000 system version and applied hotfixes
show system version
show hotfixes

# Apply the latest firmware image downloaded from the official portal
# Note: This operation requires a system reboot; schedule during a maintenance window.
install image ftp://adminuser@local-updates.local/sma-patch-v12.4.x.bin

2. Temporary Workaround & Hardening Configuration

If immediate patching is not feasible, restrict access to the Appliance Management Console (AMC) to trusted administrator IP ranges only.

nginx

# Example Nginx reverse proxy configuration to restrict access to the AMC path (/amc)
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name sma-amc.internal.local;

    location /amc {
        allow 10.100.50.0/24; # Trusted Admin Subnet
        deny all;             # Block all other traffic
        proxy_pass https://sma_backend;
    }
}

3. Log Audit & IoC Verification Commands

Monitor system logs for unauthorized privilege escalation attempts or anomalous API calls targeting the AMC interface.

bash

# Search AMC web server logs for unauthorized privilege escalation or error patterns
grep -Ei 'unauthorized|privilege|permission|amc_api' /var/log/secure /var/log/httpd/access_log

# Inspect running processes to identify anomalous high-privilege AMC processes
ps aux | grep -i 'amc' | grep 'root'

Interactive SecOps Remediation Checklist

0/4 (0%)

Recommended Security Control & Mitigation Partner

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As this vulnerability is actively exploited (CISA KEV), immediately apply the official SonicWall firmware updates and restrict AMC access.

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Technical Root Cause & Exploitation Mechanics

1. Vulnerability Overview & Root Cause

This vulnerability (CVE-2025-40602) is a local privilege escalation (LPE) flaw within the SonicWall SMA1000 Appliance Management Console (AMC). The root cause lies in insufficient authorization checks (CWE-862) and execution with unnecessary privileges (CWE-250) when processing specific internal system requests or API calls within the management interface.

2. Exploitation Mechanics & Attack Scenario

An attacker who has already obtained access to the Appliance Management Console (AMC)—such as a low-level administrator or via session hijacking—can exploit this vulnerability. By sending crafted requests that bypass authorization validation routines, the attacker can force the system to execute arbitrary commands with elevated root privileges. Although it requires high privileges (PR:H) and high attack complexity (AC:H), successful exploitation grants full control over the appliance.

3. Infrastructure & Business Impact

This vulnerability is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, indicating active exploitation in the wild. If an attacker gains root access to the SMA1000 gateway, they can intercept VPN sessions, perform lateral movement into the internal network, exfiltrate sensitive data, and establish persistent backdoors, posing a severe threat to enterprise infrastructure.

Official Vendor Advisories & References

NVD Original English Description

A local privilege escalation vulnerability due to insufficient authorization in the SonicWall SMA1000 appliance management console (AMC).

https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2025-0019

Source: PSIRT@sonicwall.com · Vendor Advisory

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-40602

Source: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 · US Government Resource

Frequently Asked SecOps Questions (CVE-2025-40602)

FAQ

Q1. How critical is CVE-2025-40602 and is it actively exploited in the wild?

CVE-2025-40602 is rated CVSS 6.6 (MEDIUM) with a 30-day EPSS exploitation probability of 2.8%. It is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, requiring immediate emergency remediation.

Q2. Which vendors and products are affected by CVE-2025-40602?

Primary impacted vendors include sonicwall across sma1000. Scope summary: SonicWall SMA1000 series appliances running vulnerable Appliance Management Console (AMC) versions

Q3. What temporary mitigations or workarounds exist for CVE-2025-40602 before patching?

[Mitigation] Apply the official security patches immediately and restrict network access to the management console Follow the CLI remediation commands and interactive SecOps checklist on this page to restrict exposure prior to your maintenance window.

SECOPS WORKBENCH INTEGRATION