TeleMessage Service Spring Boot Actuator Heap Dump (/heapdump) Exposure Information Disclosure Vulnerability (CVE-2025-48927)
Executive & SecOps Summary
SECOPS ASSESSMENTTeleMessage service deployments through 2025-05-05
Unauthenticated remote attackers can download the JVM heap dump via the exposed /heapdump endpoint, leading to the extraction of sensitive credentials, API keys, and user data from memory
Disable the heapdump Actuator endpoint immediately, restrict external access via reverse proxies/WAFs, and rotate all potentially compromised credentials
Affected Products & Version Scope
Remediation & Live Workaround Commands
PATCH & WORKAROUND1. Official Patch & Version Upgrade Commands
Apply the latest security updates provided by TeleMessage. For Spring Boot configurations, modify the application.properties or application.yml file to disable or restrict Actuator endpoints.
# application.yml configuration update
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
# Explicitly include only safe endpoints, excluding 'heapdump'
include: 'health,info'
endpoint:
heapdump:
enabled: false2. Temporary Workaround & Hardening Configuration
Implement immediate access controls at the reverse proxy or Web Application Firewall (WAF) level to block external requests to sensitive paths.
# Nginx configuration to block Actuator and heapdump endpoints
server {
listen 80;
server_name telemetry-service.local;
# Block external access to actuator and heapdump paths
location ~* /(actuator|heapdump) {
deny all;
return 403;
}
}3. Log Audit & IoC Verification Commands
Inspect web server access logs for unauthorized attempts to access the /heapdump or /actuator/heapdump endpoints.
# Search access logs for successful heapdump downloads (HTTP 200)
grep -Ei 'heapdump' /var/log/nginx/access.log | grep ' 200 'Block Exploits Instantly with Managed Virtual Patching Rules
Can't patch production immediately? Deploy managed WAF rules at the edge to intercept RCE, SQLi, and deserialization payloads before they hit your origin server.
Technical Root Cause & Exploitation Mechanics
1. Vulnerability Overview & Root Cause
This vulnerability (CVE-2025-48927) stems from a security misconfiguration (CWE-1188) in the deployment of the Spring Boot Actuator framework within the TeleMessage service. The /heapdump endpoint, designed for diagnostic and debugging purposes, was left publicly accessible without proper authentication or authorization controls.
2. Exploitation Mechanics & Attack Scenario
An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a simple HTTP GET request to the https://<target>/heapdump or https://<target>/actuator/heapdump URI. The server responds by streaming the entire binary heap dump of the JVM. The attacker can then analyze this file offline using memory analysis tools (such as Eclipse MAT or jhat) to extract plaintext database credentials, third-party API tokens, session identifiers, and encryption keys stored in memory.
3. Infrastructure & Business Impact
This vulnerability has been actively exploited in the wild and is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. The exposure of a heap dump often serves as a stepping stone for lateral movement, potentially leading to full database compromise, unauthorized access to internal systems, and severe data breaches.
Official Vendor Advisories & References
The TeleMessage service through 2025-05-05 configures Spring Boot Actuator with an exposed heap dump endpoint at a /heapdump URI, as exploited in the wild in May 2025.
Frequently Asked SecOps Questions (CVE-2025-48927)
FAQQ1. How critical is CVE-2025-48927 and is it actively exploited in the wild?
CVE-2025-48927 is rated CVSS 5.3 (MEDIUM) with a 30-day EPSS exploitation probability of 12.2%. It is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, requiring immediate emergency remediation.
Q2. Which vendors and products are affected by CVE-2025-48927?
Primary impacted vendors include telemessage across telemessage. Scope summary: All TeleMessage service deployments running on or before May 5, 2025
Q3. What temporary mitigations or workarounds exist for CVE-2025-48927 before patching?
[Mitigation] Disable the heapdump Actuator endpoint immediately, restrict external access via reverse proxies/WAFs, and rotate all potentially compromised credentials Follow the CLI remediation commands and interactive SecOps checklist on this page to restrict exposure prior to your maintenance window.
Generate an Internal Engineering Notice or CISO Report for CVE-2025-48927
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