Dasan GPON Home Router Remote Command Injection Vulnerability Analysis and Mitigation Guide (CVE-2018-10562)
Executive & SecOps Summary
SECOPS ASSESSMENTDasan GPON home routers
Unauthenticated remote attackers can execute arbitrary system commands and gain full control of the device by sending specially crafted HTTP requests
Apply the latest firmware updates from the vendor, disable external WAN-side management access, and restrict access to trusted networks
Affected Products & Version Scope
Remediation & Live Workaround Commands
PATCH & WORKAROUND1. Official Patch & Version Upgrade Commands
Administrators must verify and apply the latest secure firmware version provided by the manufacturer. If automatic updates are unavailable, manually upload the patched firmware via the router's administration panel.
2. Temporary Workaround & Hardening Configuration
If patching is not immediately feasible, restrict access to the router's web management interface (ports 80 and 443) from the external WAN interface. Below is an example of iptables rules to block external access on Linux-based gateway systems:
# Block HTTP/HTTPS access from the external interface (e.g., eth0)
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 443 -j DROP
# Allow access only from trusted internal management subnets
iptables -I INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT3. Log Audit & IoC Verification Commands
To detect potential exploitation attempts, inspect web server access logs for suspicious patterns in the dest_host parameter or check for unusual files in the /tmp directory:
# Scan web server access logs for command injection patterns in the GPON diagnostic URI
grep -Ei 'diag_Form.*dest_host=.*(%3B|;|%7C|\||%60|`|\$)' /var/log/nginx/access.log /var/log/apache2/access.log 2>/dev/null
# Check for suspicious temporary files generated by the diagnostic function
find /tmp -name '*ping*' -o -name '*diag*' -ls 2>/dev/nullStop Exposing VPN Ports to the Internet — Switch to Zero-Trust Access
Eliminate public-facing VPN concentrators and firewall management ports with identity-first Zero-Trust Network Access.
Technical Root Cause & Exploitation Mechanics
1. Vulnerability Overview & Root Cause
This vulnerability (CVE-2018-10562) is a critical OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability found in the diagnostic functionality of Dasan GPON home routers. The router's web management interface handles network diagnostics via the GponForm/diag_Form URI when a diag_action=ping request is made. Due to a lack of proper input validation and sanitization on the dest_host parameter, user-supplied input is directly concatenated into system command execution functions, allowing arbitrary shell commands to run with system privileges.
2. Exploitation Mechanics & Attack Scenario
An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP POST or GET request to the GponForm/diag_Form endpoint, embedding shell metacharacters (such as ;, |, or ` `) within the dest_host parameter. The router executes the ping command along with the injected malicious payload. Because the router saves the execution results in the /tmp directory and displays them to the user upon subsequent visits to /diag.html`, the attacker can easily retrieve the command output, making the exploit highly reliable and easy to verify.
3. Infrastructure & Business Impact
With a CVSS score of 9.8 (Critical) and its inclusion in the CISA KEV (Known Exploited Vulnerabilities) catalog, this vulnerability is actively exploited in the wild. Successful exploitation allows attackers to gain root-level access to the router, enabling them to perform lateral movement within the internal network, conduct DNS hijacking, sniff network traffic, or enlist the compromised device into IoT botnets like Mirai, leading to severe operational and security disruptions.
Official Vendor Advisories & References
An issue was discovered on Dasan GPON home routers. Command Injection can occur via the dest_host parameter in a diag_action=ping request to a GponForm/diag_Form URI. Because the router saves ping results in /tmp and transmits them to the user when the user revisits /diag.html, it's quite simple to execute commands and retrieve their output.
Frequently Asked SecOps Questions (CVE-2018-10562)
FAQQ1. How critical is CVE-2018-10562 and is it actively exploited in the wild?
CVE-2018-10562 is rated CVSS 9.8 (CRITICAL) with a 30-day EPSS exploitation probability of 100.0%. It is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, requiring immediate emergency remediation.
Q2. Which vendors and products are affected by CVE-2018-10562?
Primary impacted vendors include dasan across gpon home router. Scope summary: All Dasan GPON home routers running unpatched firmware versions
Q3. What temporary mitigations or workarounds exist for CVE-2018-10562 before patching?
[Mitigation] Apply the latest firmware updates from the vendor, disable external WAN-side management access, and restrict access to trusted networks Follow the CLI remediation commands and interactive SecOps checklist on this page to restrict exposure prior to your maintenance window.
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