CVE DatabaseCVE-2025-49706

Updated 2026-08-04한국어 권고문 →

CVE-2025-497066.5/MEDIUMCISA KEVCWE-287

Microsoft SharePoint Server Improper Authentication Spoofing Vulnerability (CVE-2025-49706) Security Advisory

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Affected Vendors

microsoft

Affected Components

sharepoint, sharepoint server

Published Date

2025-07-08

CVSS v3.1

6.5

MEDIUM

EPSS (30d)

99.1%

FIRST.org

CISA KEV

Exploited

NVD Source ↗

Executive & SecOps Summary

SECOPS ASSESSMENT

Affected Scope

On-premises deployments of Microsoft SharePoint Server

Impact

Unauthenticated remote attackers can bypass authentication mechanisms to perform network-based spoofing, potentially accessing sensitive internal data

Mitigation

Immediately apply the official Microsoft security updates and restrict external network access to SharePoint web ports

Affected Products & Version Scope

Microsoft SharePoint Server On-Premises Editions (Refer to Microsoft Advisory for specific supported versions)

Remediation & Live Workaround Commands

PATCH & WORKAROUND

1. Official Patch & Version Upgrade Commands

Refer to the Microsoft Security Update Guide to download and install the latest Cumulative Update (CU) and security patches. Use PowerShell to verify the current build version and run the configuration wizard after patching.

powershell

# Check the current SharePoint Farm build version
(Get-SPFarm).BuildVersion

# Run the SharePoint Products Configuration Wizard after applying the patch
PS-ConfigFile -cmd installfeatures
Initialize-SPProjectDatabase

2. Temporary Workaround & Hardening Configuration

If immediate patching is not feasible, restrict access to the SharePoint web ports (TCP 80, 443) using Windows Firewall or network security groups to limit exposure.

powershell

# Block external access and allow only trusted internal subnets via PowerShell
New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName 'Restrict SharePoint Access' -Direction Inbound -LocalPort 80,443 -Protocol TCP -Action Block
New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName 'Allow Trusted Admin IP' -Direction Inbound -LocalPort 80,443 -Protocol TCP -RemoteAddress '10.0.0.0/8' -Action Allow

3. Log Audit & IoC Verification Commands

Audit IIS logs and SharePoint Unified Logging Service (ULS) logs for anomalous authentication patterns or unexpected status codes.

powershell

# Search IIS logs for suspicious authentication patterns or anomalies
Get-ChildItem -Path 'C:\inetpub\logs\LogFiles\W3SVC*' -Filter '*.log' |
    Select-String -Pattern ' 401 ' | 
    Select-Object -First 50

Interactive SecOps Remediation Checklist

0/4 (0%)

Recommended Security Control & Mitigation Partner

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Technical Root Cause & Exploitation Mechanics

1. Vulnerability Overview & Root Cause

This vulnerability (CVE-2025-49706) is an improper authentication flaw (CWE-287) residing within Microsoft SharePoint Server. The root cause stems from inadequate validation of incoming network requests, allowing an unauthorized attacker to spoof identity and bypass authentication controls.

2. Exploitation Mechanics & Attack Scenario

An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted HTTP requests to the target SharePoint server. Since the vulnerability requires no privileges (PR:N) and no user interaction (UI:N), it can be executed remotely over the network. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to masquerade as a trusted user, leading to unauthorized access to restricted resources. This vulnerability is actively exploited in the wild.

3. Infrastructure & Business Impact

As SharePoint serves as a central repository for corporate documents and collaboration, compromise of this service can lead to severe data breaches, unauthorized modification of critical assets, and lateral movement within the enterprise network.

Official Vendor Advisories & References

NVD Original English Description

Improper authentication in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-49706

Source: secure@microsoft.com · Vendor Advisory

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-49706

Source: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 · US Government Resource

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2025/07/22/disrupting-active-exploitation-of-on-premises-sharepoint-vulnerabilities/

Source: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 · Press/Media Coverage, Vendor Advisory

Frequently Asked SecOps Questions (CVE-2025-49706)

FAQ

Q1. How critical is CVE-2025-49706 and is it actively exploited in the wild?

CVE-2025-49706 is rated CVSS 6.5 (MEDIUM) with a 30-day EPSS exploitation probability of 99.1%. It is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, requiring immediate emergency remediation.

Q2. Which vendors and products are affected by CVE-2025-49706?

Primary impacted vendors include microsoft across sharepoint, sharepoint server. Scope summary: Microsoft SharePoint Server On-Premises Editions (Refer to Microsoft Advisory for specific supported versions)

Q3. What temporary mitigations or workarounds exist for CVE-2025-49706 before patching?

[Mitigation] Immediately apply the official Microsoft security updates and restrict external network access to SharePoint web ports Follow the CLI remediation commands and interactive SecOps checklist on this page to restrict exposure prior to your maintenance window.

SECOPS WORKBENCH INTEGRATION