CVE DatabaseCVE-2025-30406
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CVE-2025-304069.8/CRITICALCISA KEVCWE-321CWE-798

Gladinet CentreStack Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability via Hardcoded machineKey (CVE-2025-30406) Critical Security Advisory

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Affected Vendors
gladinet
Affected Components
centrestack
Published Date
2025-04-03
CVSS v3.1
9.8
CRITICAL
EPSS (30d)
94.3%
FIRST.org
CISA KEV
Exploited

Executive & SecOps Summary

SECOPS ASSESSMENT
Affected Scope

Gladinet CentreStack versions through 16.1.10296.56315

Impact

Unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE) via deserialization of malicious payloads using the hardcoded machineKey, actively exploited in the wild

Mitigation

Immediately upgrade to version 16.4.10315.56368 or later, or manually delete/rotate the hardcoded machineKey in the portal web.config file

Affected Products & Version Scope

Gladinet CentreStack versions up to and including 16.1.10296.56315 (Fixed in 16.4.10315.56368)

Remediation & Live Workaround Commands

PATCH & WORKAROUND

1. Official Patch & Version Upgrade Commands

The primary recommendation is to upgrade Gladinet CentreStack to version 16.4.10315.56368 or later. Refer to the official Gladinet release notes for upgrade instructions.

2. Temporary Workaround & Hardening Configuration

If patching cannot be applied immediately, administrators must manually remove or rotate the hardcoded machineKey in the web.config file.

Use the following PowerShell script to safely remove the hardcoded machineKey node and restart IIS:

powershell
# Define the path to the portal web.config
$configPath = 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Gladinet CentreStack\portal\web.config'

if (Test-Path $configPath) {
    [xml]$xml = Get-Content $configPath
    $machineKeyNode = $xml.SelectSingleNode('//system.web/machineKey')
    if ($machineKeyNode) {
        # Remove the hardcoded machineKey node
        [void]$machineKeyNode.ParentNode.RemoveChild($machineKeyNode)
        $xml.Save($configPath)
        Write-Host '[SUCCESS] Hardcoded machineKey removed successfully.' -ForegroundColor Green
        # Restart IIS to apply changes
        Restart-Service -Name 'W3SVC'
    } else {
        Write-Host '[INFO] No machineKey node found. It may have already been removed.' -ForegroundColor Yellow
    }
} else {
    Write-Host '[ERROR] web.config file not found.' -ForegroundColor Red
}

3. Log Audit & IoC Verification Commands

Run this script to audit your CentreStack installation and verify if a hardcoded machineKey is currently active in your configuration:

powershell
# Audit script to check for the presence of the vulnerable machineKey
$configPath = 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Gladinet CentreStack\portal\web.config'

Write-Host '=== Auditing CentreStack Configuration ===' -ForegroundColor Cyan
if (Test-Path $configPath) {
    [xml]$xml = Get-Content $configPath
    $machineKey = $xml.SelectSingleNode('//system.web/machineKey')
    if ($machineKey) {
        Write-Host '[WARNING] Vulnerable hardcoded machineKey is present!' -ForegroundColor Red
        Write-Host ('Validation Key: ' + $machineKey.validationKey) -ForegroundColor DarkYellow
    } else {
        Write-Host '[SAFE] No hardcoded machineKey detected.' -ForegroundColor Green
    }
} else {
    Write-Host '[ERROR] Target web.config file could not be found.' -ForegroundColor Red
}
Interactive SecOps Remediation Checklist
0/4 (0%)
Recommended Security Control & Mitigation Partner
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This vulnerability is actively exploited in the wild. Immediately apply the official patch or remove the hardcoded machineKey from web.config.

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Technical Root Cause & Exploitation Mechanics

1. Vulnerability Overview & Root Cause

This vulnerability (CVE-2025-30406) exists due to the presence of a static, hardcoded machineKey within the web.config file of the Gladinet CentreStack portal. In ASP.NET applications, the machineKey is responsible for encrypting and validating ViewState, session tokens, and other serialized data. Because this key is identical across all vulnerable installations, it violates CWE-321 (Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key) and CWE-798 (Use of Hard-coded Credentials).

2. Exploitation Mechanics & Attack Scenario

An unauthenticated attacker who knows the static machineKey can craft a serialized payload containing malicious commands. By signing and encrypting this payload with the known machineKey, the attacker bypasses integrity checks. When the payload is sent to the CentreStack portal (e.g., via ViewState or parameter injection), the server deserializes the untrusted input, leading to arbitrary remote code execution (RCE) under the context of the IIS application pool identity. This vector was actively exploited in the wild in March 2025.

3. Infrastructure & Business Impact

With a CVSS score of 9.8 (Critical) and inclusion in the CISA KEV catalog, this vulnerability poses an extreme risk. Successful exploitation grants attackers full control over the hosting server without requiring any user interaction or authentication. This can lead to complete infrastructure compromise, lateral movement into internal networks, and deployment of ransomware.

Official Vendor Advisories & References

NVD Original English Description

Gladinet CentreStack through 16.1.10296.56315 (fixed in 16.4.10315.56368) has a deserialization vulnerability due to the CentreStack portal's hardcoded machineKey use, as exploited in the wild in March 2025. This enables threat actors (who know the machineKey) to serialize a payload for server-side deserialization to achieve remote code execution. NOTE: a CentreStack admin can manually delete the machineKey defined in portal\web.config.

Frequently Asked SecOps Questions (CVE-2025-30406)

FAQ

Q1. How critical is CVE-2025-30406 and is it actively exploited in the wild?

CVE-2025-30406 is rated CVSS 9.8 (CRITICAL) with a 30-day EPSS exploitation probability of 94.3%. It is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, requiring immediate emergency remediation.

Q2. Which vendors and products are affected by CVE-2025-30406?

Primary impacted vendors include gladinet across centrestack. Scope summary: Gladinet CentreStack versions up to and including 16.1.10296.56315 (Fixed in 16.4.10315.56368)

Q3. What temporary mitigations or workarounds exist for CVE-2025-30406 before patching?

[Mitigation] Immediately upgrade to version 16.4.10315.56368 or later, or manually delete/rotate the hardcoded machineKey in the portal web.config file Follow the CLI remediation commands and interactive SecOps checklist on this page to restrict exposure prior to your maintenance window.

SECOPS WORKBENCH INTEGRATION

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CVE-2025-30406 Gladinet CentreStack Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability via Hardcoded machineKey (CVE-2025-30406) Critical Security Advisory (CVSS 9.8) - Patch & Workaround | CVE Pulse